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In Vitro Toxicology

In Vitro Toxicology: Mutagenicity kits

The Ames II / Ames MPF Microfluctuation Assays are all modifications of the traditional Ames plate incorporation assay.

The Ames II assay uses the S. typhimurium strains TA98 and TAMix (a mixture of 6 strains, each detecting a specific base-pair substitution), whereas the Ames MPF® kits are available with the strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, E.coli WP2 uvrA or E.coli WP2 pKM101.

 

Benefits of Xenometrix Ames Mutagenicity Assays over traditional Ames Procedures

  • Easy, compact and high throughput liquid format with 384 well plates.

  • Simple detection method with easy "readout" (as compared to the traditional assay)

  • Kits include all five types strains cited in OECD 471 (CoA supplied), quality controlled according to the same guideline 

  • Much less  test compound required.  (10 mg per strain if tested in triplicates, +/- S9, 6 semi-logarithmic compound dilutions)

  • Ames MPF is the preferred system for genotoxic impurities due to its low consumption of compound

  • Significantly less consumption of S9

  • Less environmental pollution due to significantly less "contaminated" waste

  • Less user intervention

  • Download presentation 

Ames Test Kit in Petri Dishes OECD TG471 - Ready to Use - MacroAmes1- 98-100

Salmonella strains with specific genetic modifications are used in the Ames Test, they are unable to grow without the amino acid histidine (his- genotype). Only Salmonella strains that have undergone a genetic mutation, i.e. a mutagenic reversion to histidine prototrophy can survive and grow in absence of histidine (his+ genotype). Thus, only in the presence of mutagenic compounds, an increase in back-mutations occur to this his+ genotype.

Xenometrix AG

Catalogue No.DescriptionPack SizePriceQty
R02-210-S2-P MacroAmes1- 98-1002 sample test kit POA Quantity Add to Order

Description

Ames Test Kit in Petri Dishes OECD TG471 -

Ready to Use - MacroAmes1 - 98/100


Scientific Background of the Ames Test

Salmonella strains with specific genetic modifications are used in the Ames Test, they are unable to grow without the amino acid histidine (his- genotype). Only Salmonella strains that have undergone a genetic mutation, i.e. a mutagenic reversion to histidine prototrophy can survive and grow in absence of histidine (his genotype). Thus, only in the presence of mutagenic compounds, an increase in back-mutations occur to this his genotype. The Salmonella colonies which are growing on agar plates or in liquid media, are called “revertants”. An increased number of revertants in relation to the strain-specific spontaneous mutation rates obtained with the solvent control is a clear indication for a mutagenic test substance. See also OECD TG471.


Many mutagenic compounds are only mutagenic upon metabolization.The Salmonella strains which do not have a metabolic system are therefore exposed to a test compound in the presence of microsomal fraction S9 of a rat liver homogenate.

Unit
2 Sample Test Kit, if tested in 2 strains (TA98, TA100), triplicates, 5 doses, /- S9, negative, positive controls, sterility control.
Strains, media, ampicillin,
PB/NF induced rat liver S9 and controls (4-NQO, 2-NF, 2-AA) are included in the kit.
S9 cofactor solution and plastic ware are not included in the kit.

 

Test Principle of the Ames Test

Bacteria are exposed to different concentrations of a test sample (11 mg / strain), as well as a positive and a negative control in a medium containing limited quantities of histidine (S. typhimurium) to support approximately two cell divisions. The cultures in each condition (negative control, test samples and positive controls) are poured in 6 well plates. The cells are exposed to the compound in absence and presence of S9. Rat liver post mitochondrial S9 fraction mimics the effect of the chemical after metabolization. Within three days, cells that have undergone a genetic reversion event to amino acid prototrophy will grow and form colonies. The revertant counts will be compared to those grown in the solvent (negative) control wells. A dose-dependent and significant increase in the number of revertant colonies upon exposure to test sample relative to the solvent controls indicates that the sample is mutagenic. A sterility plate for S9 and buffer is used a contamination control. 

Service analytics under GLP and non GLP conditions is available, please contact us.

Characteristics of the Ames Test Kit MacroAmes1 - 98/100  

  • Quality controlled products: all strains, rat liver S9, Media, positive controls included in the kit are quality controlled according to OECD TG471
  • Certificate of Analysis is provided with each kit
  • Enough Material to process Strains individually, /- S9
  • Shipped at Room Temperature from external Storage in Germany or from Switzerland
  • Technology transfer is available on place or digitally

 

Other  Products and Services for Ames Test in Agar Plates or in liquid Microplate Format 

Ames Micro6-Macro1

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